DPP4 in MERS-CoV Transmission and Pathogenesis

MERS-CoV is a virus that commonly infects dromedary camels in the Arabian Peninsula and Africa. This virus spreads effectively in this species and merely causes mild upper respiratory tract infection. However, since late 2012s, it is known that MERS-CoV could also cause pneumonia in humans and has been causing multiple outbreaks. The clinical manifestation of MERS-CoV infection in humans ranges from asymptomatic to fatal. MERS-CoV attaches to a host protein called dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) to infect host cell. This thesis describes our effort to understand the role of DPP4 and other host factors in MERS-CoV transmission and pathogenesis. We found that the localization of DPP4 and α2,3-sialic acids, an attachment factor for MERS-CoV, varies between species. We also found that DPP4 expression in the human lungs could be upregulated due to several insults. These results indicate that DPP4 and other host factors could explain the inter- and intraspecies variations in MERS-CoV transmission and pathogenesis. Further characterization of these host determinants could offer insight into this virus epidemiology and help us identify the most vulnerable individuals to protect against MERS-CoV infection, for example by using vaccination

Pemodelan Konsep dan Rancangan Mekanik sebuah Purwarupa Unmanned Ground Vehicle untuk Pergerakan Omnidirectional

Penggunaan UGV sebagai bagian dari otomasi disektor industri pertanian dilakukan secara intensif sebagai solusi dari masalah tenaga kerja dan produksi. Saat ini UGV yang dikembangkan pada sektor industri pertanian masih terbatas pada kemampuan bermanuvernya. UGV dengan kemampuan bermanuver yang tinggi dibutuhkan untuk melakukan beberapa pekertajaan pertanian dalam rangka untuk meningkatkan fisiensi produksi pertanian. Sehingga pada paper ini diusulkan sebuah ide baru berupa rancangan mekanik UGV untuk memperbaiki kemampuan bermanuver UGV. Paper ini menawarkan sebuah konsep perancangan mekanik untuk mendukung pergerakan omnidirectional sebagai kelebihan pergerakan UGV yang dirancang pada permukaan lahan pertanian. Suatu sistem steering independen dirancang pada UGV ini untuk mendukung mekanisme pergerakan omnidirectional. Sebelum proses pembuatan, konsep, rancangan, dan struktur UGV pertanian yang diusulkan dievaluasi menggunakan simulasi untuk memahami mengenai struktur rangka dan mekanisme geraknya. Pada penelitian ini, analisis struktur dan gerak dilakukan dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak computer aided design. Hasilnya menunjukan bahwa sistem steering yang dirancang dapat digunakan sebagai mekanisme kemudi untuk mendukung pergerakan omnidirectional

Monitoring Agricultural Drought Using GIS and Remote Sensing Technologies in Upper Brantas Watershed

Droughts disasters occured in some parts of Indonesian area periodically. To anticipate land and crops caused by drought needs historical data and information. Remote sensing provides the good capability to achieve spatial distributed, wide area coverage and multi-temporal. The study purposes to utilize remote sensing technology for agricultural drought monitoring and assessing in Upper Brantas Watershed. This study had used NOAA AVHRR were achieved from clearest NOAA AVHRR data selected every month from April 1997 to November 1998 and Landsat TM acquired May and June 1997. The method used in this research considers the relationship among rainfall and fluctuation of NDVI and BT. The study shows that an NDVI value of less than 0,28 was recognized as an appropriate threshold for the identification of drought affected area. NDVI and BT have an inverse relationship. The value can be used to delineate the spatially distributed for agricultural drought monitoring and assessment. Moreover, the map can be used for helping to anticipate the drought risk by changing the cropping pattern and other farming system in drought areas

Strategi Pengembangan Wisata Kota Tua sebagai Salah Satu Upaya Pelestarian Urban Heritage (Studi Kasus : Koridor Kali Besar, Jakarta Barat)

Koridor Kali Besar merupakan salah satu urban heritage district atau kawasan kota tua di Jakarta. Urban Heritage hadir sebagai kesatuan dari aspek fisik suatu bangunan, ruang publik dan morfologi kota yang diwariskan untuk generasi saat ini dan yang akan datang. Keberadan urban heritage sebagai warisan sejarah dan kebudayaan dapat menunjukkan identitas asli sebuah kota. Namun seiring dengan berjalannya waktu, Jakarta berkembang mengikuti pola keinginan masyarakat tanpa memperhatikan eksistensi akar sejarah dan kebudayaan yang ada. Keberadaan urban heritage semakin tersingkir dan terlupakan akibat modernisasi yang terjadi. Padahal apabila dikelola dan dimanfaatkan secara tepat, tidak menutup kemungkinan urban heritage tourism dapat menjadi sumber pendapatan daerah yang dapat mendorong pertumbuhan perekonomian kota. Pemerintah DKI Jakarta termasuk lambat dalam USAha pengembangan Kawasan Kota Tua Jakarta, termasuk Kawasan Kali Besar. Selama lebih dari 30 tahun, rencana revitalisasi kota tua hanya menjadi sekedar wacana, tanpa ada realisasi yang berarti. Kendala-kendala yang dihadapi dalam USAha pengembangan kawasan kota tua yang telah dilakukan oleh pemerintah DKI Jakarta antara lain produk unggulan yang kurang berkembang, penurunan kualitas dan kuantitas bangunan di kawasan kota tua, kurangnya SDM yang berkualitas, kurangnya sarana-prasarana, kurangnya promosi dan kurangnya peran serta masyarakat. Agar USAha pengembangan dapat berhasil, diperlukan strategi pengembangan yang tepat. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menentukan strategi pengembangan urban heritage tourism yang paling tepat, yang dapat diterapkan di Koridor Kali Besar. Variabel penelitian yang digunakan mencakup beberapa aspek, yaitu kondisi fisik bangunan, sarana dan prasarana penunjang kegiatan, lalu lintas serta aksesibilitas, dan kondisi lingkungan, baik alamiah maupun buatan, termasuk di dalamnya kondisi kebersihan, keamanan dan Kenyamanan lingkungan. Penilaian dilakukan melalui pengamatan langsung, penyebaran kuesioner dan wawancara. Didukung dengan data-data sekunder yang diperoleh. Data-data variabel penelitian yang telah dikumpulkan kemudian diolah dengan menggunakan analisis SWOT. Analisis SWOT merupakan teknik analisis yang digunakan untuk menyusun suatu strategi. Strategi diperoleh dengan cara melakukan analisis internal dan eksternal untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor strength, weakness, opportunity serta threat yang dimiliki oleh obyek studi. Kemudian tiap faktor dimasukkan kedalam mariks SWOT sehingga keluarlah strategi pengembangan SO, ST, WO dan WT yang diharapkan

PENGARUH TEMPERATURE DAN HOLDING TIME PADA PROSES HARDENING DENGAN MEDIA PENDINGIN AIR KELAPA TUA TERHADAP KEKERASAN BAJA JIS S45C

Tujuan dari penelitian ini, yaitu mengetahui nilai kekerasan Baja JIS S45C menggunakan media pendingin air kelapa tua dengan temperature 780 oC,820oC, dan 860 oC dan holding time 20 menit, 25 menit, dan 30 menit. Mengidentifikasikan dan membandingkan hasil percobaan untuk dianalisis. Melihat pengaruh perbedaan temperature dan holding time pada proses hardening dengan metode ANOVA.Setelah hasil uji kekerasan diolah menggunakan metode Two Way ANOVA dengan aplikasi Microsoft Excel dapat dilihat pengaruh temperature berpengaruh yaitu dengan F > Fcrit, F55,50 > F3,55  dan holding time berpengaruh yaitu F > Fcrit, F3935,4 > F3,55 dan juga interaksi antara temperature dan holding time tidak berpengaruh karena F < Fcrit, F2,37 < F2,9

Kemampuan Reagen Curcumax Mendeteksi Boraks dalam Bakso yang Direbus

Borax is a harmful compound to human health but sometimes was used illegally as preservative in meatball. Curcumax reagent is a compound which developed from the previous borax detector base on tumeric extract. This reagen was developed as an easy kit to apply in the field. This study aims were to determine accuracy of sight obesrvation and spectrophotometer to detected borax in boiled meatballs which tested by Curcumax and to determine the effect of boiling on the borax presence in the meatballs. This study was using meatballs groupas a control and another meatballs group preserve with borax 0.5%. Each treatment group was boiled in 0, 5, 10, and 15 minutes and each treatment unit had three replications which consist five meatballs each of them. Boraxdetection was done by mixing 1ml Curcumax reagent into 1 ml meatball extract. Qualitative examination of borax presence in the meatballs was known based on the color changing of tested meatball\u27s extract from yellow became orange (direct sight with eyes). The Quantitaive analysis was done by measured using spectrophotometer base on wave-length (λ) at 570 nm. Data was analyzed with ANOVA and continued by Least Significant Difference (LSD) analysis. Borax detection using curcumax based on sight sense against color change giving an inconsistence result. Meanwhile quantitative measurement by spectrophotometer more accurate than one. Curcumax had been detected borax in meatball which boiled for 15 minutes

The Marketing Potential of Graphic Design Products in Disruptive Era

The presence of various portal marketplaces since the last few years has driven the massive growth of creative industries in Indonesia. Marketplaces portal has opened up millions of jobs for many people, including the profession as a freelance artists and designers. In the field of graphic design, a marketplace is devoted in providing various supporting needs for an audio visual display that called as a microstock. This article focuses on the development of the microstock business, its potential and challenges in the disruptive era that occurred in Indonesia. Using a case study research design, this article conducts a qualitative method. The results of the study shows that the development of the microstock business in Indonesia is influenced by many factors, including facilities, networks and changes in the pattern of the creation of graphic design works that aimed at commercial interests. Keywords graphic design, creative industry, marketplace, microstoc

Metode Bioprediksi Perubahan Iklim Menggunakan Fosil Polen Dan Sporapada Kala Pliosen Di Daerah Banyumas

Pollen and spore fossil of Pliocene sedimentary (Tapak Formation) have been used as a guidance for prediction (bioprediction) of climate change which happened at Pliocene age in Banyumas. Geomorphological and vegetation changes happenin conformity with climate changes. By knowing pollen and shpore fossils, we can know thetype of vegetation whichproduce it. Then pollen and shprore fossils which found widelyon the sedimentary rock is an exact way for tracing of climate change which had happened. The aimof this research is to explore bioprediction method base on polen andsphore data, to know morphological change which happened because of climate change on Plioceneage in Banyumas.This research consist of field and labolatory work. Field work is for taking rock sample andmaking stratigraphic collumn. Labolatory work consist of making plate from the samples using asetolisis methode, identification and clasification of fosils and palynology analisis.The result of the research show that the research areacan be included on the zone ofPodocarpus imbricatusfrom Late Pliocene Age which is shown by presence ofPodocarpus imbricatusandStenochlaenidites Papuanus.There has 3 events of climate change that are hot-cold-hot which corelate withtransgresion (relative sea level rise) andregresion (relative sea level drop